Der deutsche Sanitätsdienst 1921–1945

the retail trade of spices and drugs to the care of their servants ("Apothekerknechte"). One of these, Hans Minner, was to become the most important pharmacist of the German Middle Ages. Others became partners of their masters, e.g. Caspar Schneberger (c. 1495), who probably was the first apothecary to specialize exclusively in medical pharmaceutics. As retail traders in Zurich, "apothecaries" belonged to the traders' and shopkeepers' guild (Kramerzunft, Zunft zur Saffran); at this point the author convincingly destroys some old legends. As a member of the "Safftan"-guild, "apothecary" Jacob Schwartzmurer (1439-75)-Minner was his servant-was elected Burgomaster of Zurich. The book is completed by biographical data from archival documents, some illustrations showing the localization of Zurich pharmacies from the fourteenth to the eighteenth centuries, sixty pages of source publications, a bibliography, and an index of personal names. Urs Boschung University of Zurich